Educational decentralization and development in the State of Oaxaca
Abstract
He present work has as objective analyze if the decentralization of the basic education has been a medium for marginalization decrease and the educational inequalities in the State of Oaxaca. The theoretical discussion allowed to establish with precision the concepts of decentralization, since regularity is tried to be explained in the same way despite differences. With regard to the marginalization, this is explained as the absence of economic development in the groups or towns that regardless of having generated wealth are at the margin of it. The descriptive analysis in the period 1990-2005 showed increases in the rates of schooling and terminal efficiency, and a decrease in those of reproach, desertion and illiteracy. These changes had no greater significance as the inequality gap widened being only those municipalities outlying of the capital of Oaxaca who managed to improve significantly. With regard to the changes in the marginalization, these were unfavourable in all the areas, since most increased the percentage of municipalities who live marginalized compared with those where decreased. The previous case indicates that it education by itself cannot reduce the marginalization and the educational inequalities, since these have to do with economic factors.
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